1. IX. The Demands of Grace (12:1-13:14)
    1. C. Humility (12:16-12:18)

Calvin (4/25/02)

12:16
We must not be focused on excelling others, nor on other pride-swelling activities. Instead, we must focus on remaining humble and meek, for thus only do we excel in God's eyes. It is pride and the seeking of position that destroys unity. Humility, then, is the chief virtue of the Christian, ever looking for opportunities to honor others. As in our associations, so in our self-assessments. We cannot afford to think ourselves so wise as to do without the input of others.
12:17
More than revenge is being ruled out here. It is that whole mindset which reacts to others based on their previous actions towards us that must be done away with. We cannot, in good Christian faith, refuse aid to one on the basis of his prior refusal to aid us in our need. We cannot cease to care for others simply because they show no signs of caring for us. Integrity is also called for in us, for our outward living must reflect the pure heart that God has placed within. In whatever ways our actions fail to show integrity, we are giving those around us fuel to deride the message of the Gospel. Note that this is not a call to become men pleasers, for that is forbidden us. No. The rightness of our deeds is to be judged in God's sight. Yet, our deeds are to be such as will draw men to rejoice in the God in whose name we serve. Even when we are despised for our faith, yet these good deeds must be continued towards those very same ones who so despise us. (2Co 6:8 - [in everything], in glory and dishonor, in evil report and good, considered as deceptive and yet found true, [we show ourselves servants of God.])
12:18
If we are to go further, and attain to the goodwill of those around us, our upright character will not be enough. It must be joined to a courteous and kind disposition. Of course, the 'if possible' of this verse prevents us from any display of hatred for Christ in the name of keeping the peace, nor is this permission to praise the vices of those around us. The command is bounded. It remains our goal, but never at the cost of righteousness. Love, however, requires that within these constraints, we keep the peace, bearing much, and pardoning much, but ready to fight for the Gospel when needful. "It is impossible that the soldiers of Christ should have perpetual peace with the world, whose prince is Satan."
 
 
 

Matthew Henry (4/26/02)

12:16
All effort should be made to be agreed in thought, but if that is not possible, we should at least be agreed in mutual affection. Love others as yourself. (Php 2:2 - Complete my joy by being of one mind, with one love, united in one spirit, for one purpose. Php 3:15-16 - Let all of us have this same attitude. Indeed if your attitude differs in any way, God will reveal that to you. But let us continue on by that one same standard to which we have attained. 1Co 1:10 - By the Lord Jesus Christ, I beg you to be agreed, free of all divisions, made complete in having the same mind and judgment.) Love cannot be true if it cannot be condescending. True love is ever willing to perform the meanest offices of kindness to another. (Eph 4:1-2 - As a prisoner of the Lord, I ask that you walk worthy of your calling, with humility and gentleness, with patience and forbearance towards each other in love. Php 2:3 - Give no place to selfishness or conceit, but humble your thoughts, regarding each other as more important than yourselves. Jn 13:5 - Christ washed the disciples' feet, drying them on his own towel. Jn 13:34 - I command that you love each other even as I have loved you.) Worldly honors and ambitions can have no place with us. This, in particular, would have been a temptation to the Roman church, residing in the seat of power of that day. (Ps 131:1b - I do not get involved in matters that are beyond me. Rev 17:18 - The woman you saw is the great city that reigns over the earth. Ro 11:20 - They were broken off for unbelief, and you remain by your faith. Don't take this as cause for conceit, but fear.) If we have received but little in this life, then with but little we should be contented. Only sin is beneath us. Indeed, if God has provided that we should have but little, we ought to be anxiously working towards being satisfied with that which He has provided, make that mode of life our desire. "True love values grace in rags as well as in scarlet." There is no room for us to be ashamed with any godly man, no matter their current estate. (Ps 119:63 - I am a friend of all who fear Thee, and keep Your precepts. Jas 2:1-4 - Don't think of your faith in Christ as showing some favoritism towards yourself. If one comes to your church decked out in all sorts of finery, and another comes in rags, if you are more attentive of the former, giving him the seat of honor, while relegating the latter to stand at the sides, you have become judges motivated by evil ways. 1Co 9:19 - Though I am free from all, I make myself slave to all, so that I may win more of them to Christ.) If our companions in this Christian walk are slower than us, we must halt ourselves on occasion to allow them to catch us up. (Ro 12:3 - Think not more highly of yourself than is good, but judge yourself aright, knowing that each one is given the faith God has chosen to a lot them. Pr 3:7 - Don't be wise in your own eyes, but fear the Lord and turn from evil.) As members of one another, we must be determined to share what God has blessed us with with all to whom we are joined.
12:17
As God has done so much for His enemies, we, too, must refrain from repaying evil with evil. (Mt 5:45 - Show yourselves sons of your Father in heaven, who causes the sun to rise on both evil and good, and sends rain to both righteous and unrighteous. Ro 5:8 - God demonstrated His love for us by saving us when we were still sinners, Christ then dying for us. Ro 5:10 - Though we were enemies, God reconciled us to Himself through the death of His own Son. Consider, then, how much more likely it is that He will save us by the life of His Son now that we are reconciled.) Take great care to do only as is creditable and honest in your dealings with all men, so that in all you do, you will be recommending your religion to those you deal with. (Php 4:8 - Whatever is true, honorable, right, pure, lovely, reputable, excellent, and worthy of praise; these are the things your thoughts should dwell upon.) Acts of charity are always well regarded by men, and so should be of special concern to us, as they will thus glorify God.
12:18
Where distance or belief separate us, yet we must strive to live peaceably with such other, never seeking revenge, or giving cause to quarrel. Work to preserve peace, and to restore it when it is broken. (Heb 12:14a - Pursue peace with all men. Eph 4:3 - Diligently seek to preserve the unity of the Spirit in bonds of peace.) Clearly, it would be impossible to preserve peace, if the needed actions would cause us to offend God. Peace without purity is a devil's peace. (Jas 3:17 - The wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, reasonable, merciful, full of good fruits, unwavering, and free of all hypocrisy. Jer 15:10 - Woe to me, I am born a man of strife and contention. Though I have neither lent nor borrowed, yet everyone curses me. Ps 120:7 - I am for peace, but when I speak, they seek war.) Whenever the center of love is removed, lines are drawn, and enemies come to battle. But Christ gives us an absolutely unique command in dealing with these enemies: to love them, to not only wish them well, but do such good as we may towards them.
 
 

Adam Clarke (4/26/02)

12:16
Live in continual harmony, praying the same good for others as you pray for yourselves. Neither play to the powerful, nor pass by the poor. Seek not after titles of honor, especially at the cost of conscience. Befriend the humble, living a life of low profile. Be of a mind willing to share in the trials of the most poorly treated brethren, even to the point of imprisonment or death. Do not compromise with worldly approval in efforts to protect yourself. Don't over esteem your worth and importance. Remember at all times that you remain in need of the help and instruction of others.
12:17
Keep no record of wrongs done to you. Where honor is so easily wounded, pride lies just below. Take nothing on credit which can be had by more earnest means. It is no sin to die for lack of God's provision, but it is most sinful to preserve life by means we can in no wise repay. Live honestly, and leave such matters in God's hands, for He cannot err.
12:18
Living at peace is often difficult, be it neighbor or family, yet God calls us to labor after this as a necessity. If we fail to keep peace with others, our own peace is sacrificed. If all effort has been made by us to keep a peace that yet fails, our own peace remains intact. However small the possibility of peace, work for it.
 
 
 

Barnes' Notes (4/26/02)

12:16
Join others in their circumstances for a time, the better to sympathize with their trials. Be united in opinion and viewpoint. (Php 2:2 - Be of the same mind, preserve the same love, be united in one spirit, seeking after one purpose. 2Co 13:11 - Be made complete, comforted and like-minded, live in peace, and the God of love and peace will be with you.) Such as you seek for yourself, seek also for your brother. Seek no honor for yourself that you do not also seek for your brother. (1Pe 3:8 - In summary, let all be harmonious, sympathetic, brotherly, kindly, and humble in spirit.) Don't allow your focus to be drawn to such offices and honors as the world may offer, but find your joys in associating with humble men of the same godly mind. (Jer 45:5 - Do you seek great things for yourself? Don't. For I will bring disaster upon all mankind, but you, I will give your life as your treasure wherever you may go. Lk 12:15 - Be on guard against all forms of greed, for no abundance of goods is sufficient to say life consists of possessions.) Let the humble and lowly man be the guide for your own thoughts and plans. Be content in little. In this, we but follow our Master's example. (Isa 5:21 - Woe to those who consider themselves wise and clever! Ro 11:25a - I want you to be informed, so that you will not over esteem your own wisdom.) Your skills and comprehension are never so great that you can do without counsel. Pride, pride, pride!
12:17
This is one of the most difficult requirements of Christianity, to set aside all retribution and revenge, and instead, love our enemies. (Mt 5:39 - Do not resist the evil man, but if he slaps your right cheek, turn your left to him as well.) Honest treatment must be our premeditated thought, and our settled plan. (2Co 8:21 - We regard what is honorable both in the Lord's sight, and in the sight of men.) Against those who have injured us, yet our conduct should remain 'lovely' in the sight of others, leading them to approve not only ourselves, but our Master. It is this mindset we are being told to have prepared and settled in advance of any need for it, lest passions overtake us. It is a discipline that we must learn, if we are to avoid displaying an improper spirit. In this, no man can find cause for blame, nor excuse to discredit true religion. (Pr 3:4 - Thus will you find favor and reputation in the sight of God and man.) Such an attitude forces the respect and approval of the world, no matter how little it is inclined to act on that approval.
12:18
Clearly, keeping peace with all men is not always possible, but it should always be our desire and our endeavor. Our best efforts must be given to the task of preserving and restoring peace. Nor are we to be the source of any quarrel. This may not suffice, but we are not culpable for the assaults of others, only for our own conduct. Neither provoke, nor prolong any controversy. (Ps 34:14 - Depart from evil and do good. Seek peace and pursue it. Mt 5:9 - Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. Mt 5:39-41 - Don't resist evil men. If one slaps your right cheek, offer him your left. If one sues you for your shirt, give him your coat as well. If one forces you to walk a mile with him, go two. Heb 12:14 - Pursue peace with all men, and pursue that sanctification without which none will see the Lord.) Obedience to this one command by all Christians would do a great deal towards ending the strife that is in the world.
 
 
 

Wycliffe (4/27/02)

12:16
Live in harmony, remain humble. Neither strive after position, nor overestimate your importance.
12:17
"Be concerned for what is morally good before all men."
12:18
To the degree that a Christian is able, without rejecting Christianity, he should seek to preserve peace with all men.
 
 
 

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown (4/27/02)

12:16
Cherish the common bond between all Christians. Striving ambition comes from selfish self-interest, and so, is at odds with this common bond. As 'lowly' could be either a neuter or a masculine noun, there is some question as to whether it is humble things, or humble men we are called to associate with in this verse. However, the verb 'associate' speaks of being led away with, which suggests that it is indeed men that are indicated here. (Gal 2:13 - The rest of the Jews joined in his hypocrisy. Even Barnabas was carried away by it. 2Pe 3:17 - Since you are forewarned of this, be on your guard, lest you be carried away by the errors of these unprincipled men, and fall from your own secure position.) It is a sign of our caution towards being proud that we will not think more of our own faculties than they deserve.
12:17
(Ro 12:14 - Bless your persecutors, and do not curse them. Pr 3:4 - Thus will you find favor in sight of God and man, enjoying a good reputation with both.) Our character should be such as will command the respect of all men.
12:18
It is impossible for us to keep peace with all men on all occasions by our own initiative. In spite of this, our call is to do everything in our power to so preserve it, even in the face of opposition. In the next section, Paul will address what to do when our best efforts yet fail.
 
 
 

New Thoughts (4/28/02-4/29/02)

Our character should be such as will command the respect of all men. There is the summary of this whole exhortation on what it is to be a Christian. I wrote before of the presence of the absolute right, and of mankind's inability to deny that absolute right no matter how hard they have tried. It is because of this absolute right that the Christian life, if truly lived, will command respect. It is precisely because men still have some understanding of the absolute right, and that what most Christians are living out is not that, that so many hold Christianity in such low esteem. Here was the last, greatest hope for man, and in the sight of men, it has been found wanting.

We can argue that mankind is not in the seat of the judge, but rather in the place of judgment, but that skirts the issue. We, too, will stand in the place of judgment. Whether or not we will know the wrath of God in that place, I suspect we can be certain that we will know His disappointment in us as His representatives. Inasmuch as we fail to follow the course He has laid out for us, we fail Him.

Consider the instructions we are given here. First is the call to be united in opinions. What!? We can't even manage this within a single church, never mind a denomination, and when it comes to the Church universal, well, you can just forget it! Can you remember what this spoke to you about the truth of the Gospel before you were a believer? How can there be an absolute truth, when the self-proclaimed proponents of that truth can't agree on what it is? Do you begin to see the importance of holding to a united viewpoint?

I am quite as guilty as the next on this account. In point of fact, I consider this a rather timely reminder. I should qualify myself, however. This is not a call to blind acceptance. No, the word of Scripture remains clear on the fact that we ought to test what we are hearing against Scripture. This is part of our job as believers, and we dare not be sluggardly about it. But, there is a point where gainsaying is happening for the sheer pride of being right. It's no longer about what Scripture really says, it's about what we really think it should say.

We are told not to compromise with the world, seeking its approval as our protection. This, we may be managing fairly well. However, our compromise with the world has taken on another form, an older form. We don't compromise with the world directly anymore. We simply allow the compromise into the church itself. We have allowed ourselves to become like the world in our approach to God. Oh, may we awake and sense our peril! The issue of unity is but one sign of this compromise. We no longer look to God to define what is true. We no longer assume there is only one Truth. No, we come to Scripture having already decided what truth is, and seek out such texts as will support our position.

This really isn't anything new. Looking at some of the defenses in the commentaries has turned up an amazing ability to bend the meaning of things to fit what has already been decided. In our time, I suppose the greatest debate is probably that over the absence or continued presence of the charismatic gifts. From what I can see, both sides are willing to make rather extreme interpretations of the Scriptural record to defend their viewpoint. It's a sad thing. Where we really ought to be combining our efforts to promote the Truth of God, to bring light into the darkness, we're too busy slapping each other around, claiming that our truth is the Truth, and not yours.

This has been the church's answer to the issues dividing itself, to battle all the more, to get entrenched in our positions, and refuse to hear anything more about it, unless it agrees with us. But what does God say? Jesus Himself tells us that our peace with each other is that salt without which we become useless (Mk 9:50). Paul tells us in this very passage that we are never to repay evil with evil. In part, that is because our perception of evil is pretty poor. We see every offense against us as evil, when a fair portion of what offends us is merely corrective, and good. Refraining from this tit for tat mentality takes practice. Like any other fine art, it requires discipline and diligence, if we are to avoid making mistakes, and displaying our old flesh, rather than our renewed spirit.

Never repay evil for evil. Never sink to the low of giving as badly as you receive. Bless your enemies, and curse not. Seek their good. That is the way of Christ. That is the path we have been told to walk. When there is a disagreement in the body, what is the way to restore unity and peace? It will very rarely be found in confrontation. It will never be found in back-biting, gossiping, and complaining. No, and you will not find it in prayers of revenge. "Get 'im, God" won't work, because God has already told you not to play that game. Don't pray for revenge, pray for resolution, for answers. Pray that God would correct whichever party is in the wrong. Don't you dare assume that you must be right. Think not more highly of yourself than you ought!

We are called to be peaceable. We are called to work for peace, to do our utmost to promote and preserve peace not just with each other, not just in the body, but with all men. No matter how impossible the odds, no matter if peace is indeed an utter impossibility. We are still to work for peace with all that is within us. Yet there is a boundary set for us. We are never to seek peace at the cost of purity. Matthew Henry tells us that peace without purity is a devil's peace, and so it is. This is peace, as the world sees it, peace at any cost. Who cares about right, so long as we can stop the wars?

We may not compromise our sanctity in the name of peace. We may not sacrifice our God in the name of peace. This is precluded. Herein is the boundary for the unity of the body, as well. We are not called to remain united with those who would pollute the pure worship of God. We are not called to remain united with those who teach a different gospel. Indeed, we are told to flee them, and so we should. Such are no longer of the body, never were truly of the body, but are merely idol worshipers. We cannot be of one mind with them in whom there is no truth.

Notice that when James describes heavenly wisdom (Jas 3:17), he is careful to take note that the primary characteristic of that wisdom is its purity. Everything else is secondary. Yes, that wisdom is peaceable. Yes, it is merciful. Certainly, it is gentle, steadfast, and free of all hypocrisy. But all of this is secondary.

In preparing for home group this week, I was looking back at the notes I was making a few years ago regarding the Law, as part of this study. In those notes, I was commenting on how often it seems we find ourselves outshone by non-believers. Their good deeds stand out, where we seem to be failing entirely. In part, I think this issue remains very real for us, and ought to be a goad, urging us onward to do as we ought. But underlying the best efforts of the unbeliever, there remains a foundational blemish. There is no purity. And, just as all the charismatic gifts, all the spiritual gifts are as nothing without love as a foundation, all the works of man are less than nothing without purity as a foundation. That purity can only be found in the faith that God has graciously given to us through Christ. It cannot be worked into. It cannot be bought. It can only come as God chooses.

Purify us, oh God, that we may indeed walk in the ways of peace. Purify us, oh God, that our disunity will no longer disrupt our witness to Your truth. Purify us, oh God, that we may walk in Your ways, though we stumble; that we may seek Your good upon every man; that we might pray as we ought, live as we ought, speak as we ought. It is only by Your grace that we are who we are, and it is only by Your grace that we can become who we are supposed to be. Work in us, Holy Spirit, renew this old mind once more today.