1. VI. Spiritual vs. Physical: The Work of the Spirit (7:15-8:27)
    1. B. Life in the Spirit (8:1-8:17)
      1. 4. Guidance and Witness of the Spirit (8:12-8:17)

Calvin (10/29/01-10/31/01)

8:12
Paul moves to exhort us, as he does so often upon declaring his doctrine. (Eph 4:30 - Don't grieve the Spirit of God that sealed you for redemption. Gal 5:25 - Walk by the Spirit you live by.) To claim we ought to do nothing, being unable, is to fight against God, and against the Spirit He has sent to us. It is to refuse the gift He has given.
8:13
Those who wish to claim justification without the Spirit abiding are refuted by this verse. "There is no confidence in God where there is no love of righteousness." We were called by the Lord in justification. We need to call upon Him for sanctification, also, that we might indeed walk worthy of His calling. The complete destruction of our flesh is not the immediate demand, but the making of every exertion to subdue it is. It is not a hopeless task that is given, but a difficult and lengthy process.
8:14
Only those ruled by the Spirit are declared sons, not empty boasters who claim with no cause. For those who are so ruled, here is strong encouragement, the assurance of eternal life and salvation. Footnote: That we must be led is a factor either of our blindness or our infancy. Whether in need of a guide because of our inherent darkness, or because we are still as newborns in faith, this is a reminder that "we ought not to ascribe to ourselves either knowledge or strength apart from the Spirit of God." (Piraeus) The works of the Spirit are various: from the general, universal work by which He sustains all creatures, to the peculiar work He does in mankind, to that spoken of here - the sanctification of the elect, the separation of His sons for Himself.
8:15
The spirit of bondage, the fear induced by the Law, is gone from us. Now comes the spirit of adoption, the indwelling Holy Spirit, who comes not to cause us to tremble over our remaining sins, but to have confidence in the redemption that has been made for us. This is the same contrast evident in Hebrews. (Heb 12:18-25 - You have not come to Mt. Sinai, blazing in holy fire, and loud with thundering trumpets. Those who came to that mountain feared for their lives, and begged for it to cease. Even Moses was filled with fear and trembling at the presence of God on that mountain. But you come to Mt. Zion, the heavenly city of the living God, amidst the assembly of the church. You come to God, who judges all, into the presence of saints perfected, to Jesus, the mediator of our covenant, to the sprinkled blood of Christ, which surpasses that of Abel.) It is the dispensations of law and gospel that are compared here, and not those who were under these dispensations. Our faith does not surpass that of Moses or David. Yet their liberty does not surpass our own, nor is their adoption any less certain than ours. In this contrast, Paul counters those false teachers that put forth the literal disciplines of the Law as the means or prerequisite of salvation. The Spirit of faith, and salvation, were just as present under the Law, yet they were not as evident. All that is set aside in the Law is that which seeks a salvation by works. It was always by faith, and it always will be by faith. The gospel has simply made this truth more evident, and clearly understood. The Law could not but cause fear, for it offered no good, only the punishment of failure. The gospel, on the other hand, offers testimonies of our salvation, of our adoption into God's own family. By the gospel, we learn of God's forgiving of our sins, of His actions being those of a kindly father towards His children. Through this one Spirit of faith, we all cry out to God as Father. The nations indeed know Him by what is revealed in the world, as can be seen by their common calling upon Him even in ignorance. But, the gospel dispensation has ended the barrier between Jew and Gentile. (Is 19:18 - In that day, even the cities of Egypt will swear allegiance to the LORD in the very language of Canaan.) All cry out to Him on equal terms, as adopted sons. All cry out to Him in confidence, with not a shred of doubt. The faithful before the Gospel knew Him as Father, but not with the same confidence. They were kept uncertain by the veil, but we have the way to Him opened by the blood of Christ. (Hos 2:23b - I will say to those who were not My people that they are My people, and they will know Me as their God.) The more evident the promise, the more freedom there is in prayer.
8:16
The testimony of the Spirit within us is so compelling as to give us great confidence and assurance of our relationship with the Father. Were it not for His testimony, we would not find words to pray to our heavenly Father, and it is certain that we cannot pray to Him rightly, unless we are persuaded in our hearts that He is our Father. And what other evidence of faith could there be, but that we do call upon Him? The true depth of our belief will show in the extent to which we pray. Here is strong argument against those who would claim we cannot be certain of our state of salvation! It is not possible that one could be called a son of God, and not know himself to be one. (1Jn 5:19-20 - We know we are of God, and that the world remains in the power of darkness. We know that the Son of God has come, giving us understanding, so that we might know Him, that we are in Him, the true one, the Son of God, Jesus Christ, true God, and eternal life.)
8:17
The inheritance is appointed for the children. Whom God has declared His children, He has indeed prepared an inheritance for. That inheritance is incorruptible, being of a heavenly nature. That Christ also possesses this inheritance removes any remaining doubt as to its being, and declares its nature most excellent, as it is the inheritance of Him who is most excellent. With this gift in sight, it ought to give us the means to easily resist the allurements offered by this world, to bear our troubles in this life with patience. Christ stands as the great assurance of our inheritance, but also as the example of how that inheritance is obtained. If we would share His blessings, we must also be willing to share His sorrows. This is not to imply that our salvation depends upon our laborious sufferings. Salvation is by grace. That has been established. What we have here is an exhortation to patience with present circumstance, to recognition of 'how God governs His people.'
 
 
 

Matthew Henry (10/31/01)

8:12
It is our duty to walk after the Spirit and not the flesh. We are not indebted to our flesh in any way, for it has never done anything that could oblige us to serve it. What we do for the body, we do for it as it serves our soul, which in turn serves God. To Christ, we owe our all, and so also to His Spirit. He has delivered us from death, and we are deeply indebted to Him as our deliverer. (1Co 6:19-20 - Your body is His temple, for the Holy Spirit is yours from God. You are not your own. You were bought with great price, so you should glorify God in your body.)
8:13
Here again is the choice of life or death, blessing or cursing. The pleasing of the flesh is the ruin of the soul. The denying of the flesh, on the other hand, brings happiness in eternity, life forever, to the soul. Yet this denying of the flesh cannot be accomplished except the Holy Spirit impart the working of that denial, and He, for His part, will not work except we join Him in that effort. We are left with a choice: either "displease the body or destroy the soul."
8:14
Another privilege of belonging to Christ is that we are given the spirit of adoption, we are taken in as God's own children. Such children have the Spirit of God as tutor and guide. To this guide all true believers have submitted, and to Him they strive to their utmost to give obedience as He sweetly leads. We are 'owned and loved by Him as His children,' and as His children, we have the Spirit.
8:15
Under the Law, there was the spirit of bondage, because the condition of adoption was still hid behind the veil. There remained only the wounding clearly seen in the Law, as the remedy was hidden. (2Co 3:15 - Even today, there remains a veil across their hearts when Moses is read.) Here, also, is that conviction under which we labored when first we were converted. (Ac 2:37 - When they heard, their hearts were broken, and the asked Peter and the rest what they must do to be saved. Ac 16:30 - The jailer asked Paul and Silas what he must do to be saved. Ac 9:6 - Paul was told to enter the city of Damascus, where he would be informed as to what he needed to do.) At that point in each life, the Spirit is such as to keep us bound, but that is done and over. That binding of our spirit sent us seeking Christ to mediate for us, and He, through the spirit of adoption returns us to God knowing Him as our Father. From that point forward, the Spirit will never be to us again a spirit of bondage, for no matter our own doubts as to our estate, He can only witness to the truth. Where men can only offer a documented adoption, God can give the spirit of adoption. He sanctifies His children, and their sanctified souls bear His image, just as a child bears the image of his father. Knowing Him so lovingly, and so intimately, we cry out to Him, we pray to Him, expressing our desire for Him. Where words fail, children cry. It is a humble confidence we have before our God and Father. The combined use of Aramaic and Greek is used here, as Christ Himself used it. (Mk 14 :36 - He prayed, "Abba! Father! All things are possible for You; remove this cup from Me; but not what I will, only what You will.") If the Son so speaks, so speak those who receive the Spirit of the Son. It is an expression of endearment, of belief. It also declares that adoption is common to both Jew and Gentile.
8:16
He is both sanctifier and comforter to us. Many men lie to themselves, declaring themselves good, where God does not concur. It is a false peace they speak to their souls. But the sanctified have the very Spirit of God testifying to their hearts, to their great comfort. That testimony cannot but agree with the Word of God, and so must be founded upon sanctification.
8:17
Here is another aspect of our future happiness: 'a title to the future glory.' Our adoption as sons entitles us to it, and our disposition as sons prepares us for it. Only the first born are considered heirs, but the church is the Church of the first born. All who are the church are first born, and so heirs. Not by any merit, but solely by God's act are they so. (Gal 4:1-2 - While the heir remains under age, he is no different than the slave, for he remains under a guardian or manager until he reaches the age set by his father.) Such are we in this present age, still being educated and prepared for the day when we come of age. Our honor and happiness lie in the worth of that we have been made heir to. God himself is our inheritance! (Ps 16:5-6 - The Lord is my portion, my inheritance, my cup. He supports my estate, and indeed the borders of my life have fallen in pleasant places. My heritage is beautiful to me.) As priests to the Lord, we have Him as our inheritance. (Nu 18:20 - To Aaron, God said that he would have no inheritance in the land because God Himself would be Aaron's inheritance.) God will be with us. (Rev 21:3 - The tabernacle of God is among men. He dwells among them as His people. God Himself is among them.) Christ is the heir of all things, and we who are united with Him will share in that inheritance. (Heb 1:2 - He has spoken to us through His Son, the Heir of all things, through whom the world was made. Rev 21:7 - Who overcomes shall inherit these things, and I will be his God, and he, My son. Jn 17:24 - I pray that those whom You have given Me may also be with Me, so that they might behold My glory, that which You have given Me, because You loved me before even the world was created. Rev 3:21 - Who overcomes will be granted to sit with Me on My throne, just as I overcame, and sat with My Father on His throne.) Here, then, is all the reward we could ask for our present sufferings. To be a Christian is to be a sufferer. But, inasmuch as the suffering was for Christ, for His honor, they will indeed be glorified with Him. (2Ti 2:12 - If we endure, we will reign with Him. If we deny Him, He will deny us.)
 
 

Adam Clarke (11/1/01)

8:12
Having appealed separately to Jew and Gentile at various points in his letter, Paul now begins a joint address, providing the conclusion of all his arguments, proving the claim to eternal life, and giving fortifying thoughts to preserve his readers under trial. These fortifications will be his topic throughout the remainder of this chapter. There follows a fair bit of an outline for the remainder of chapter 8, which I won't go into here.
8:13
Where one lives after his flesh, death both temporal and eternal must follow. The Spirit having come to give that assistance which the Law did not, we can and must mortify the fleshly deeds, resisting them by His aid. Thus shall we 'live a life of faith, love, and holy obedience here.' Thus shall we live 'a life of glory hereafter.'
8:14
None can reach heaven but by divine assistance. Just as Christ mediates for us in heaven, the Holy Spirit serves here on earth to guide us, enlighten us, and strengthen us to follow on the heavenly path. None can pretend to be a child of God who does not have the Spirit's leading.
8:15
Those under the Law were bound to it and by it. Their nature could not but transgress, and the Law transgressed offered no corrective action, only punishment. (Heb 2:14-15 - He shared our flesh and blood so that His death might make death powerless, removing from the devil the tool by which he had held us subject to slavery so long; fear of death.) The Gentiles were just as bound up in the pantheon of gods, all seeking appeasement, so that they could never believe themselves secure. Through the agency of the Holy Spirit, however, we have been adopted into the family of God, we are reminded of His graciousness, so that we are able to lovingly call Him Father, our Father. Adoption was a well known and well regulated practice in ancient times. The child, once adopted, had full rights of inheritance in his new family, and lost all connection to his previous family. Where there was also a natural son, their status in terms of inheritance was equal. The one who can cry out with such intimacy and passion to God knows beyond doubt that his adoption is secure, and he can only know this by the witness of the Holy Spirit within. This security is so important for the believer that God has left nothing to be assumed, but has given us the witness of His Spirit to be our assurance. The believer is not left to the whims of theological arguments and opinions, but has the direct testimony of God Himself to assure his heart. No other assurance could suffice to convince us of our salvation. Without that direct influence of the Holy Spirit, Christianity gets lost in ifs and conjectures, and becomes as much a dead letter as was the Law. It is also noted from Jewish law, that slaves were not permitted to refer to their masters in such intimate terms as 'Abba' or 'Imma'. From this, we can see that we have moved from servants of the Most High God to being His own children. Our Master has declared Himself our Father. Whether there is also the reflection of the uniting of Jew and Gentile in these words, whether they are the typical first words of the convert, they certainly express the certainty we have of having received His divine favor upon us, and our complete readiness to live in obedience to Him.
8:16
The feeling of being adopted cannot come but by the knowledge of our adoption, and that knowledge cannot come but of the Holy Spirit's testimony to our spirit. "As the window is the proper medium to let the light of the sun into our apartments, so the understanding is the proper medium of conveying the Spirit's influence to the soul." What better evidence can there be than the testimony of God's own Spirit? We have His word on the matter. While we abide and are faithful, our adoption will stand strong, and we will know that we are of God. [Why does this seem to undercut the very confidence he established in v15? The introduction of 'if' cannot but leave room for doubt, for works.]
8:17
Only the children can inherit. Yet this is not an estate passed on by the death of its owner, but a promise like unto the promise of Canaan, a gift of God to be divided among all His family. It is not a portion reserved for heaven, nor is it a portion that comes solely to our earthly days, it is God Himself who is our inheritance! Nor could any lesser inheritance hope to satisfy our soul. We were created for this. As we contemplate this highest possible estate, to which we are sealed, we are prepared to contemplate the sufferings that must accompany our path to that estate. Knowing that our afflictions are like our Brother's, and knowing His present glory, we are strengthened to persevere.
 
 
 

Barnes' Notes (11/2/01)

8:12
We are under solemn obligation because the indwelling Spirit of God is working to purify us so as to save us from the death of sin. "He who has imparted life, has a right to require that it be spent in His service." Our flesh has given us no similar reason to be obliged to its service (Ro 7:21-22 - Evil is present in me, although I long to do good because I agree with God's law in my soul.) No, it is to God that this service is due. (Ro 7:23 - For me, the ways of my flesh are at war with my soul, holding my soul hostage to sin.)
8:13
To continue in the ways of the flesh can only lead to eternal death. What is required to change this ending is to cherish and cultivate the influence of the Holy Spirit upon us. Only by His aid can the change be made. Only by His aid can sin's power be destroyed in us. "Either your sins must die, or you must." Here, Paul has completed his argument for the Gospel's superiority to Law, having shown that what the Law could not do, the Gospel has done. God, in the Gospel, has recovered man.
8:14
Now, he begins looking at the benefits of the Gospel, beginning with adoption. All who submit to His influence and control are declared sons. Where the Spirit is followed, men are led to heaven. Where the Spirit is rejected, men walk on to hell. "The glory belongs to the conducting Spirit when man is saved; the fault is man's when he is lost." We are declared sons, as so often is applied to the Christian in Scripture. (Job 1:6 - The sons of God came to present themselves before Him. Jn 1:12 - To all who received Him and believed in His name, He gave the right to become God's children. Php 2:15 - Prove to be blameless and innocent children of God, giving no cause for reproach, even in the midst of this perverse generation. Among them, be as a light in the world. 1Jn 3:1-2 - God's love for us is so great that He has even declared us to be His children. This is what we are, and it is because of this that the world does not know us. After all, it didn't know Him. We are presently children of God, yet we do not know what we will be, only that when He comes, we shall be like Him, having seen Him as He truly is. Mt 5:9 - The peacemakers will be called sons of God. Mt 5:44-45 - Love and pray for your enemies, so as to be sons of your Father in heaven; for He showers His blessings upon evil and good alike, to the righteous and unrighteous both, he gives provision. Lk 6:35 - Love your enemies, lend without expectation of return. Your reward will be great, you will be sons of God Most High, who is Himself kind to the ungrateful and even to evil men.) Here, then, is a quiz for us. Are we aware of the Spirit working in us, pulling us from the passions and vanities of this world? Do we feel within us the desire to yield to His workings, to be lead into purity, and thus into life? Do we yield and follow Him cheerfully and with no resistance? If we can answer yes to these things, we are His children, and He will not lead us astray. "Happiness consists only in yielding ourselves to this influence entirely."
8:15
The slave is ever fearful, but the spirit of religion is one of freedom and confidence. (Jn 8:32-36 - You will know the truth, and be free because of it, declared Jesus. But their answer was that they, being sons of Abraham, had never been enslaved, so could not be freed. Jesus, in return, pointed out that all who sin are slaves to their sin, and as slaves, they could not expect to remain in the master's house forever. In contrast to this, the Son makes you free, truly free, and the son remains in that house forever.) Every sinner is subject to fear, and with good cause, for God is angry with him. But for the Christian, this is no longer the case. (2Ti 1:7 - God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power, love, and discipline.) Rather than the fear of the slave, we know the affection, love, and confidence of the child adopted by a loving Father. This is God's treatment of us, treatment as of His own Son, although we were strangers. We had no natural claim to His affections, His act is one of pure kindness towards us. Adopted into His family, we now have His protection and care, and cannot but manifest towards Him the spirit and attitude of obedient children. (Jn 1:12 - To all who received Him, believing His name, He gave the right to be children of God. Gal 4:5 - He was born of flesh, under the Law, so as to redeem all who were under the Law, and bring them into adoption as sons. Eph 1:5 - He predestined us to this adoption through Christ Jesus, according to His own good will.) As children, we need His help. We are inclined to express our feelings to Him as to our Father, to call upon Him with terms of endearment, and to seek Him out for our protection and help. Why the repeated term, Father? It is probably a simple matter of intensity, of dwelling upon the object of our affection, a repetitive naming not uncommon. (Mt 7:22 - Many will say to Me, "Lord, Lord, didn't we do great things in Your name?" Ps 8:1 - O Lord, our Lord, How majestic is Your name. You have displayed the great wonders of Your glory above the heavens.) If we can call upon God as our Father, with sincere affection, with the heart of a son, the same attitudes a son has towards his father, then we have the Christian spirit. "Every child of God has this spirit."
8:16
It is the Holy Spirit Himself that bears witness to us that this adoption is real. He provides evidence of Himself to our minds, that we might know ourselves sons. (2Co 1:22 - He has sealed us to Himself, giving us the Spirit as a pledge within our hearts. 1Jn 5:10-11 - The believer in the Son of God has the witness in himself. The nonbeliever calls God a liar by not believing God's evidence concerning His Son. The evidence lies in the fact that God has given us eternal life in His Son. 1Co 2:12 - We have received the Spirit of God, not the spirit of this world, so that we may know and understand what God has freely given us.) This assurance does not come of revelation or inspiration, nor is it a simple persuasion of mind. The assurance comes of the fruit the Spirit produces. The fruits of His presence are ample evidence of His presence, and His presence is evidence of our adoption. If these fruits are not present, all confidence of our mind is vain, and our opinions of our estate, the worst delusions.
8:17
Adopted as sons, we know we will be treated as sons, we shall be given equal share in His favors, for the adopted son is yet due his part of the inheritance. That inheritance is both His favor here and now, and eternal life later. What earthly inheritance could compare? Christ is the preeminent Son, heir to all the honors and glory of heaven. We, as brothers and friends, share this with Him. (Php 2:8-9 - He humbled Himself, becoming man, yet remaining obedient even to death. Because of this, God exalted Him, above all things, giving Him the highest title, the Name that is superior to all others. Heb 2:9-10 - For a time, He was made lower than the angels, suffering death, yet crowned with glory and honor. By God's grace, He tasted death for all men. It was fitting that He by and for whom all things were created should bring many sons to glory, perfecting the Author of their salvation through suffering. Jn 14:19 - Because I live, so shall you. 2Ti 2:11-12 - If we have died with Him, so shall we also live with Him. If we endure, we will reign with Him, but if we deny Him, He will also deny us. Rev 3:21 - He who overcomes will sit together with Me on My throne, as I sat with My Father on His throne when I overcame. Jn 17:22-24 - The glory You gave Me, I give them, so that they may be one, just as We are One. I in them, Thou in Me, perfect in their unity, so that the world will know that You sent Me, that You love them, that You love me. My desire is that they will be where I am, beholding My glory, that glory You have given Me, for You have loved Me even before the world was.) There is a conditional. If we give no evidence here of our unity with Him, the inheritance is not for us. Our unity shows in our being willing to suffer for His cause, in ways like unto His own suffering. So united in suffering, there is propriety in being united in blessed destiny.
 
 
 

Wycliffe (11/3/01)

8:12
Believers are in the Spirit, and the Spirit is in them.
8:13
There is spiritual death in living for the flesh, but spiritual life in putting the deeds of the flesh to death. (Col 3:9 - Don't lie to each other. You have laid aside the practices of the old self.) Both this and v12 are statements of cause and effect. The one speaks of the finality of eternal banishment from God's presence. The other, then, must speak of eternal presence with God, the glorified life of the believer.
8:14
Sons of God are led by His Spirit, they willingly allow this leading.
8:15
Our state of mind is not the fearful thoughts of a slave toward his master, but the loving thoughts of a son towards his father. Because of this mindset, we can speak to Him as our Father. The dual cry of this verse displays the uniting of Jew and Gentile in common faith.
8:16
The Holy Spirit witnesses to every aspect of our personality, that we might be firm in belief in our true estate in God. (1Co 16:18 - Acknowledge such men as refresh your spirit in Christ. Gal 6:18 - The grace of Christ be with your spirit. Php 4:23 - The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.)
8:17
We are heirs of all that God, who has given all things to Christ Jesus, will bestow; thus, joint heirs with Him. This we have as promise because we are suffering together with Him in the present. Suffering was His appointed role in this life, and it is ordained for us as well. (Lk 24:26 - It was necessary for Christ to suffer so, so that He might enter into His glory. Lk 24:46 - It is declared in Scripture itself that He must suffer, and rise from death on the third day. Ac 17:3 - Paul explained from Scripture the evidence that Christ had to suffer, die, and rise again. This was proof that He was Christ. Ac 26:23 - He was to suffer, and by His resurrection from death be the first to proclaim light to Jew and Gentile. Heb 2:9-10 - We see Him, made momentarily lower than angels, because His suffering death was yet crowned with glory and honor. By God's grace, He tasted the death due every one of us, which was fitting for Him. He who made all things, and for Whom all things were so made, should be the One to bring so many to glory. It perfected our Savior to suffer so. Mt 10:38 - If you don't bear your cross and follow Me, you are not worthy of Me. Mt 16:24 - If you wish to follow Me, deny yourself, take your cross, and follow Me. Mt 20:22 - You ask to sit at My side, and yet you don't know what you ask. To do that would require that you drink the same cup of suffering that I must now drink. 1Th 3:3 - Don't be disturbed by your afflictions. You know this is what we are destined for. 2Th 1:4-5 - Because of the faith and perseverance you have shown in your persecutions, we speak proudly of you. It is a certain indication that God has judged you worthy of His kingdom, since your sufferings have come about because of that kingdom. 2Co 1:5 - Just as Christ's sufferings are ours in full, so also is His comfort ours in full. Col 1:24 - I rejoice in my sufferings, doing what I can for His body, the Church, filling any lack you might perceive in His own afflictions. 2Ti 3:12 - All who desire to live the godly life Christ Jesus seeks of us will be persecuted. 1Pe 1:6 - Rejoice in knowing your salvation will come, even though you are amidst great trials at present. 1Pe 4:12 - Don't be surprised at the ordeal you suffer, as though it were an odd thing for a Christian to have to deal with. It is a test for you.) "The experience of suffering precedes the experience of glory."
 
 
 

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown (11/3/01-11/4/01)

8:12
Where once we had been sold under the hard mastery of sin, we have been freed to serve righteousness. We therefore owe nothing to the flesh, we are deaf to its demands.
8:13
(Ro 6:21-22 - What benefit ever came of serving your flesh? The outcome of those pursuits is always death, and their pursuits now shame you. You have been freed from this, and enslaved to God. From this service, you have the benefit of sanctification, and so, eternal life.) The death brought by living for the flesh is already begun for the one who pursues the flesh. Each sinful act is another step toward that death, and fuel for the flames of that death. By contrast, the future life of the believer is noted in a simple mode, wholly future, and not a gradual process of the present. The simple message of this verse is: "if you do not kill sin, it will kill you." But, oh, the glory that awaits you, if you do kill your sin. Summarizing the chapter thus far: No safety or happiness can be found for those who are without Christ. They are condemned by Law and, being set upon the world, are heading steadfastly toward death. Sanctification is founded on Christ's atoning death, and fed by the springs of the Spirit of Christ within us. Flesh and spirit are morally opposed. No matter how refined the carnal mind, it will remain carnal, and will not be subjected to God's Law. God and sinner are mutually estranged. The sinner is at war with God, and cannot please Him. No matter how loud and lofty our professions, the truth stands that if we continue living after the flesh, we shall die, and only as the deeds of the flesh are killed, shall we live. (Gal 6:7-8 - Don't be deceived. Don't mock God. What you sow, you shall reap; if to your flesh, then you shall have corruption, if to the Spirit, then you shall have eternal life. Eph 5:6 - Don't allow empty words to fool you. The wrath of God does come upon those who disobey. Php 3:18-19 - Many walk with us, and yet are enemies of the cross, for which cause I am in great sorrow. Their end is destruction, because their true god is their own appetite, they glory in their shameful actions, as their minds remain set on earthly things. 1Jn 3:7-8 - Don't be deceived, my children. The one that practices righteousness is righteous, even as He is righteous. The one that practices sin is the devil's, for the devil has always sinned. The whole point of Christ's coming was to destroy the devil's works.)
8:14
The Spirit is more than some powerful energy; He is a loving guide, whose leading proves us to be sons of God.
8:15
The Spirit received by grace was not one of bondage. Under the law, we were living a legal bondage knowing our sins unpardoned, and the wrath of God our due. But no more. Now we know ourselves sons, adopted by God, and that knowledge so grips our emotions that we cannot but cry out to Him in exuberance. (Gal 4:6 - Because we are sons, God has sent the Spirit of His Son to our hearts, whereby we cry out, "Abba! Father!") That cry starts in the Spirit, and draws us into its spontaneous call. So it is that the cry also comes from our hearts. (Ro 8:4 - That Spirit in us leads us to walk in accord with Him, rather than the flesh, for the requirements of the Law have been met for us. Mt 10:19-20 - When you are delivered up, don't worry about your words. When the time comes, you will be given what you should speak, for it will not be you, but the Spirit of the Father who speaks in you.) Why the combination of Aramaic and Greek? It must be to greater purpose than to show that the two words were equivalent. We can look to Christ's example for understanding. (Mk 14:36 - He said, "Abba! Father! All things are possible for You; take this cup from me; but your will, not mine, be done.") In His love for the Father, He longed to call out to Him both in His own tongue, and in that which he had learned. Where other cultures have had a dual tongue, the devotion of child for parent often causes this passing from one to the other. Thus, the use of both terms is a simple matter of warmth in the love of the speaker.
8:16
Some translations have put it, 'the Spirit itself,' but this is a wrongheaded sticking to the Greek construct. Linguistically, the Greek demands a neuter, but this need not be carried over in translation. The Spirit is a Person. It must be 'Himself,' for He is a Divine Person of God. (Jn 16:13 - When He, the Spirit of truth, comes, He will guide you into all truth; speaking not of His own initiative, but only declaring what He hears, so as to inform you of what shall yet come. Ro 8:26-27 - The Spirit helps us in our weakness. When we don't know what to pray, He intercedes on our behalf, speaking beyond the capacity of our words. But the One who searches us knows the Spirit's mind, for His intercessions are in full accord with God's will.) In our cry of "Abba, Father!" we are joined by the Spirit's own testimony, and thus have the word of two witnesses attesting to our sonship. Whereas before we were spoken of as sons, indicating our status in adoption, here we are spoken of as children, indicating our new birth. The one speaks to the dignity of our inheritance, the other to the newness of the life we have received. Whereas the adopted son might not be certain of his inheritance, the natural son certainly is. Our new birth brings us into that certainty of natural birth.
8:17
Again, as children we are assured of our inheritance, and that inheritance is the Father's kingdom. (Gal 4:7 - You are no longer slaves, but sons; and if sons, then heirs through God. Heb 1:2 - In these days, He has spoken to us in His Son, the appointed Heir of all things, the very One through whom He made the world. Rev 3:21 - To the one who overcomes, I will grant to sit with Me on My throne, just as I overcame and sat with My Father on His.) There is, of course, a necessity that we conform to Christ in all ways; in suffering as well as in glory. The two cannot be separated. (Jn 12:24-26 - Unless the grain falls to earth and dies, it remains alone. In dying, it bears fruit. So, for you, the one who loves life loses it. The one who hates this worldly life will keep his life for eternity. If you would serve Me, follow Me; for where I am, so shall My servant be. If you do serve Me, the Father will honor you. Mt 16:24-25 - If you would come with Me, deny yourself, take up your cross, and follow Me. If you wish to save your life, it will be lost; but in losing your life for My sake, you will find life. 2Ti 2:12 - If we endure, we shall reign with Him.)
 
 
 

New Thoughts (11/4/01-11/7/01)

Before I pursue the bulk of my thoughts on this passage, I need to consider this verse that Mr. Clarke brought up. Is 19:18 - In that day, even the cities of Egypt will swear allegiance to the LORD in the very language of Canaan. This is the second time in relatively recent studies that I have come across this promise for the seemingly unsalvageable sons of Edom. Given the recent events our nation has been involved in, it is particularly important that God's people remember God's promises are not only for them, not only for this nation, or for the current bounds of Christianity. He has declared those promises even to the sons of Edom, even to those nations we have learned to associate with Islam, with the spread of lies and terrors. In so much as they attack us, there is certainly a national call for all reasonable defense. This is the purpose of God ordained government, after all. Yet, it is the purpose of the Christian to pray for his enemies. Our prayers ought to be focused on the true battlefield, on the war for the souls of the lost. Islam has spread a great darkness over far too great a portion of this world; a darkness thick enough to cause people to seek their own destruction. Isn't this exactly what we've been looking at in this passage of Romans? The temptation of Islam, by which it lures its victims to the taking of their own life, is the lure of fleshly pleasures, it is the very choice that Scripture is telling us to make in so many places, but they have been led to make the wrong choice. They have chosen flesh, and so have assured that the death they thought to die for a moment will last an awful eternity. If we settle for the patriotic spirit of retaliation, we do no better than to seal their souls to that destruction. If we pray for their salvation, we show ourselves Christians, we do the work of our Father. Will many still be killed in their sins? Will many continue to refuse to offered salvation? Assuredly they will. Many in our own nation choose no better. Many in our own churches choose no better. Their choice is not our responsibility. The possibility of choice for them is. Pray. Pray hard.

We, like they, are left with a choice: either "displease the body or destroy the soul," "either your sins must die, or you must." So have Mr. Henry and Mr. Barnes put it, and so every Christian understands. For that matter, a large portion of society at large understand this truth. And yet, we choose the body. Knowing the death they must inevitably lead to, we still choose the instant gratification of sin. Why? Why is it so hard, Lord, to choose life? You give it to us so freely, and yet, even within Your Church, we turn aside from Your offer and walk after our own desires. How can this be? I do it myself, and yet I cannot understand. How can I choose these things over You, my Lord? I can't even claim momentary enjoyment as a reason, for it's no longer even a matter of enjoyment, just a different kind of pain, a different kind of tension. Perhaps we have simply heard the message of forgiveness too often for our own good. We have learned well that You are a gracious and forgiving God. We have learned well that our very lives depend on that one fact. Yet, we have learned to treat that very saving forgiveness with contempt. We have learned to think that we can demand Your forgiveness, that we can go on as we were, and just issue the obligatory "I'm sorry," at the end, and You will somehow be bound by our little incantation to forgive and forget. Can we no longer see witchcraft for what it is? Are You no more to us than some mystical power that we can manipulate to our advantage, if only we utter the proper phrases? Simon the magician's got nothing on us!

No! You are a holy and sovereign God. You have indeed saved us, but not for us to toy with that salvation. As Mr. Barnes said, You have imparted life, and You have 'a right to require that it be spent in [Your] service.' This is the call to Your people. We were saved with a purpose. We were saved to serve, and our service to You will necessarily include suffering. This is warfare. Warfare is no longer about comfort and pleasure. It's about preserving the freedom You have given us. Yet, You do not call us to war without equipping us for the battle, and that right well. 2Co 1:5 tells us that both suffering and comfort are ours in abundance. Oh, how we hate to hear the first half! The comfort part's fine with us, but we really don't want to hear about that suffering bit. That's natural, I suppose, but it's still sad. Indeed, Moses and David far surpassed our faith. Not that I think they looked forward to their own sufferings and trials, yet they faced them with confidence in God. Look at the record David has left. In his darkest moments, yet he knew how to rejoice, how to call on his God. Look at all that Moses had to go through; facing his own fears, facing the most powerful men in the land at that time, dealing with an obstinate and faithless people for forty years. And in the end, he was not even allowed to enter the land of his reward. But his reward was so much greater! And I think he knew that, because he'd experienced it in part throughout his trials. Indeed, not only the sufferings, but also the comforts had been his in abundance! Who else has enjoyed the relationship Moses had with God? Who else has seen even the backside of His glory?

Indeed, in faith, many of the people we read of in the Old Testament far outstrip us, yet in liberty, we are miles beyond. We have left behind us much of the care and detail of the Law. Gone are the ceremonial concerns, as we are taught to focus on true holiness, rather than ritual holiness. We have learned that it's not the things that are good or evil, it's their usage, it's how our heart is involved in that usage. Where we fall apart is in the 'not all things are profitable' part. We've learned not to care about the profitability that matters, so long as we can maintain our freedom. But this is not the focus we were called to keep in view. We are supposed to be a people in pursuit of true holiness. We've mistaken our freedom for license. We've neglected the Law that provides for us the only reliable map to reach that holiness, and thought somehow we'd get there by chance. God is calling us to better things, to a hungry pursuit of the holiness He offers. This is not a call to return to legalism, for legalism was a belittling of His Law; a taking of the impossible, and reducing it to 'achievable goals.' God does not call us to achievable goals, but to most assuredly unachievable ones. He calls us to walk worthy of our calling. He calls us to be holy as He is holy. Are you up to the task? I'm certainly not. Has He then called us unjustly, asking of us that which He knows we cannot do? Yes, He's called us to the unattainable, at least insomuch as our nature is involved. Yet, He is not unjust. He has provided the means we lack. He has provided the power we need. Indeed, He has given us comfort in abundance, for He has provided us with the very Spirit of God to assist us in our weakness. Do you, then, still want to cry out about the impossibility of the task? Would you really wish to so despise the precious Gift which the Father has given? To claim inability to do as He asks is no more than pride in another disguise. It is the pride that wants everything to revolve around our abilities, our flesh. It is that same spirit of the age that wants to set the temple up as god, rather than honor the God who fills the temple.

Reject that spirit. Reject the offer of the snake, and allow God to be God. He will not share that office, nor could He. There is one God. There can be no others. Worship Him who has saved you from death. Serve Him most heartily, as you would any earthly benefactor. Serve Him most fully, for He is a wonderful Master. Praise Him with all due awe and honor, for He has indeed done great things. He has formed you from the dust, breathed life into you, and preserved that life when you would not. By Him and for Him were all things created. Bow down and give glory to Him. Praises indeed be to His Holy Name!

Nor has He stopped with that wonderful deed. Three times, in three different ways, we are told in this passage that we are His children. And each of these times, another aspect of what it is to be His is presented to us. First, there is the very spirit of adoption which He has given us. Adoption satisfies the legal requirements, as it were. It is the official certificate of membership into God's family. It is also, as Mr. Clarke noted, a total severing of our relationship with our previous family. All connection to our old self was done away with when our adoption papers were served. The life of sin is no longer to be any relation to us. On top of this official welcome into the family, comes official standing within that family. As adopted children, we, too have our place in the inheritance of our Father. It is an established, defensible fact for us.

This leads into the second means by which God speaks of us. We are children, natural children, as those born to our Father. We are minors, as it were, and have been since our rebirth. Thus, while our inheritance in Him is sure, we are not yet of an age to receive the full inheritance. Until we are mature enough, we continue under benefit of a heavenly trust fund, while our youth is watched over by our tutor, the Holy Spirit. He it is who brings growth in us. He it is who trains us to the ways of the kingdom, so that when we attain to our inheritance, we will comport ourselves in a manner worthy of our estate.

Finally, we are spoken of as sons. In this, we see the inner work of the Spirit coming to fruition in us, for by this term, God is telling us that we are coming to have a character shaped by God Himself; shaped by His loving chastisements. We have been allowed to enter in to His councils, learning of salvation. We are coming to a place of obedience to His will in all our actions. We have come to a place of 'affectionate intimacy' with our Creator. We are truly united to Him. There are no bonds known to man that can surpass the bonds of family, and it is these very bonds that hold us to our Lord. It is no longer the relationship of servant and master, even though that relationship can develop a level of love. Our relationship is far beyond that. We have entered into the family. The very cry of our heart in prayer, "Abba! Father!" These are not the words of a servant. They are forbidden to the servant. Yet they are ours to cry out, and so we do. We could not do otherwise, for in this intimate, loving relationship, we pray to Him. And in intimate prayer, we cannot help but express our desire for Him. In the intensity of that desire, we search for every word that can help to express our love, even knowing that all of our outpoured prayers cannot fully express what we would say to Him.

Does this describe my relationship with Him? This cry of prayer that seeks to declare our desire for God, is it on my lips? Mr. Clarke has well pointed out that prayer is the best barometer of our belief. If we don't believe, we won't have much cause to call on Him whom we consider a figment. Oh, recent events show that we'll do it anyway, when things get tough enough, but it's not the cry of love, it's the desperate act of one who feels his doom approaching. On the other hand, if we do believe our God, if we do take His Word as Truth, if this Bible is more than a curious antiquity to us, how can we not pray to Him who has saved us? How can we not declare the depth of our thankfulness, our love, our desire to be with Him?

I cannot but admit that there are times when this depth of feeling, this being lost in prayer is far from me. All too many times. Yet, there are those points where it just pours out from me. Sometimes, it's as I do these studies. Sometimes, it's in shower songs. Rarely, (and this strikes me as somehow odd), does it come in times dedicated to prayer alone. Perhaps we of the West have learned a poorer definition of prayer. Paul told us to pray without ceasing. This strikes us as an impossibility. We must work. We must take care of the needs of our families. We have any number of distractions that seem to prevent us from getting away to our 'prayer closet' for 'time alone with God.' I think we've missed it. That closet is no more a place than His temple is. His temple is our body. Where better shall we go to talk to Him, than in His temple. Just as we carry His altar with us wherever we go, we carry our prayer closet with us. We needn't run to some far corner to get alone with God. All that's needed is to stop flapping our lips. Talk to Him, spirit to Spirit. Pour out your heart to Him. Your cares, your love, your hurts, your triumphs. All of it. This, we can do at any point. This we can do, because the Spirit within us draws forth our heart of longing, emboldening us to call upon our Father, our Daddy, not with our Christmas wish list of stuff we'd like to have Him do for us, but simply crying out our joy at being with Him.

Finally, I would guard us against any false assurances. Grand theological arguments won't serve as evidence of faith. Opinions as to the deep mysteries of God will not serve either. The only possible assurance we can have that our faith is genuine, that our salvation is true, is the evidence God Himself provides. Where He has worked, He testifies directly to the heart. It is not only possible to know, it is impossible that one would not know that his salvation is certain. God does not leave Himself without a testimony. But, be assured, that His testimony is not purely a matter of revelation or inspiration, although He may well use these means in guiding His people. They remain, however, means of guidance, not of assurance. Nor is our assurance just the warm feelings of the heart. No, and it's not a matter of reasoned persuasion, either. Only one thing serves as our assurance of God's work in us, and that is the fruit it produces. The Spirit cannot abide and fail to produce. By this, it should be equally clear that where there is no fruit, there is no Spirit. In that absence, all that our mind may choose to tell us of our assured salvation, all that our mind may choose to tell us regarding our love for Him is worse than nonsense. It is a delusion of the most deadly sort.

Way back in the first year of this study, I had asked what the nature of our inheritance is. Oh, what an answer to come across! Our inheritance consists not in riches, not in lands, nor property. Our inheritance is not just a sharing in the name, not even a sharing in the Name above all names. No, our inheritance is God Himself! He is our portion! He is our heritage! Just as the Levites were given God Himself to be their inheritance in the land, so we, too, have God as our part! This is a great and awesome promise. It is beyond that. Words fail when I consider the magnitude of this. Can we not see, that where such an inheritance is the promise, where such bountiful unity is to come, there must be a preparation, a maturing of the one who would lay hold of that inheritance? Where, then, is the evidence of that maturity? How shall our Tutor know to declare the classes done and graduated? It will be evident by our unity with Him here and now. That unity will show in the fruits we know to be of His Spirit. That evidence will show in our standing with Him here, now, against any trials that may come. That evidence will show in our willingness to share in His humility and suffering gladly, with joy unspeakable. We are indeed united with Him, united in suffering, united in glory. We cannot have the latter, if we refuse the former. We cannot pick and choose the aspects of Him who is all, and in all, that we want to share in. It's all or nothing; a total commitment. Nothing less would be worthy of such a God. Choose you this day, and choose wisely. Choose life.